Hi ladies... heheh salam..slmt petang..
Lama I menyepi..rindu I tak? tak? sedih..sob sob
Saya ada je, sihat walafiat, cuma sibuk dgn kerja dan anak2 sampai tak ada masa nak update cerita and mengintai blog u olls.
InsyaAllah ada masa saya ziarah blog korang eh.
Entry kali nni nak update pasal Adam..anak bujang sulung saya.
Kisah Adam kena scabies tu dah lama settle. lepas seminggu pakai krim anti scabies tu,kulit dah ok cuma tinggal parut
Dua minggu lepas, Adam dapat penyakit baru. nama dia lagi canggih dari menatang scabies tu. Acute otitis media, which is a common ear problem occured dekat toddlers. Asalnya dua2 telinga dia ada ear wax yg dah keras yg tutup habis lubang telinga. saya ingatkan itu puncanya Adam ckp dia sakit telinga. lepas saya berjaya korek ear wax yg keras disebelah kiritelinga, tetiba ada discarge mcm nanah keluar, panik esok nya terus saya bawa jumpa pakar ENT. doc advise untuk bius Adam masa nak bersihkan nanah tu. so procedure tu akan dibuat keesokan paginya. Mlm tu adam kena puasa. Esok pagi dlm kul 8.30 Adam dibawa ke OT, kasik dia pengsan then doc tu keluarkan nanah yg ada dibelakang ear drum Adam. procedurenye, doc tu buat satu lubang sebesar 3mm di gegendang telinga then sedut nanah keluar. gegendang yg ditebuk tu akan bercantum balik dlm masa 24jam.
so far so good, tiga hari ada discharge yg heavy keluar and slowly berkurang. smlm followup lagi dgn Doc ENT, Adam kena continue ambil ubat titis telinga. actually Adam allergies to habuk and he has sinus. tu punca dia kena ear infection. so buat masa skrg, karpet dirumah semua digulung, cadar tiap minggu saya tukar haisy apa lagi precautions yg kena buat eh..rituh scabies, now allergies and sinus. all due to hygiene issue.
mak pemalas. ahahaha
kay ni gambo yg diambil semasa hari Adam di'operate'
Inilah pesakit tu..dia dah start takut time tu
Ini adik bongsu pesakit, dia ni dah baisa sgt dgn katil wad.
Ini bapak pesakit, kemainlagi tido mengalahkan pesakit
Budak kecik ni sibuk nak pakai baju mickey mouse. bawak bilik OT baru tau!
kay ni sikit sbyk info pasal Otitis Media. Jom menelaah!
Source:
http://www.baby-medical-questions-and-answers.com
Ear Infections in Toddlers
Ear
infections, which are known medically as otitis media, are very common in
children. Many are caused by viruses. This page gives an overview of otitis
media in children, including why pre-schoolers are so prone to get them, what
to do when your toddler has one and how to prevent them.
How common are ear infections in
pre-school children?
Very
common. They are the second most common infection in young children after the
common cold. Between 30 and 50% of children will have had an infection of the
ear (which is known as acute otitis media) by 3 years of age and it is
estimated that 1 in 5 children less than 4 years of age are affected by acute
otitis media at least once a year.Otitis media is an upper respiratory tract
infection and these are very common in children.Back to list
What
is acute otitis media?
Acute
otitis media is infection in the middle ear. When children get a cold they get
a runny, snotty nose and they also get runny, snotty ears (middle ears to be
exact). The middle ear is connected to the back of the nose via the Eustachian
tube. Fluid in the middle ear is cleared through the Eustachian tube. If the
fluid in the middle ear becomes infected, acute otitis media (or ear infection)
is the result. The fluid is more likely to become infected if it stays in the
middle ear longer – ie. doesn’t get cleared by natural body processes.Back to list
Why
are pre-schoolers particularly susceptible?
Young
children have narrow Eustachian tubes. When they get a cold and all their
membranes become swollen, the Eustachian tube lining becomes swollen and so the
tube becomes even narrower. As well as that, the Eustachion tube is relatively
horizontal in young children so gravity cannot help in clearing the fluid. So,
it is harder for young children to clear middle ear fluid because they have
narrow, horizontal tubes. As they get older, the Eustachion tubes become wider
and less horizontal and draining fluid from the middle ear is easier, so they
are less prone to ear infections.Back to list
What
are other risk factors for acute otitis media?
·The most prominent risk factor is upper respiratory tract infections –
the common colds that cause children to have a runny, snotty nose and so runny,
snotty ears. These are usually caused by viruses. These upper respiratory tract
infections are common anyway in young children but more common in those in day
care, so being in day care is another risk factor for ear infections. Don't be
alarmed though because if your child has many infections during preschool years
because he is at daycare, he will have less infections when he starts school.
·Exposure to cigarette smoke is thought to be another risk factor and we
advise that children are brought up in a smoke-free environment for all sorts
of health benefits.
·Other risk factors include being male (it is a risk factor for many
childhood illnesses!), having large adenoids, and bottle feeding.
How do you know when your child has an ear
infection?
Acute
otitis media causes pain in the ear, fever and transient hearing loss. There
may be an associated cold and the symptoms that go with that, ie. runny nose,
miserable, grizzly child. A doctor will see a red, bulging eardrum with an
auroscope (otoscope). Back to list
Are ear infections a serious cause for concern?
Studies
have suggested that up to 80%, acute otitis media will resolve by itself by 3
days. Some studies have suggested that up to 60% of children with otitis media
will have improved within 24 hours with no antibiotic treatment. Ear infections
(otitis media) that don't settle by themselves are usually responsive to
antibiotics like Amoxicillin or Co-amoxiclav. With appropriate use of
antibiotics, there are not usually any serious side effects.However,
occasionally there can be serious complications, including meningitis and
mastoiditis, and if your child is not improving by 3 days or is very unwell at
any time, you should see a doctor.Back to list
Do
all children need antibiotics?
Not all
children will need antibiotics. Many ear infections will get better without
antibiotics. In studies, antibiotics have shown that symptoms improve more by 7
days with antibiotics compared to children who did not get antibiotics.
However, antibiotics cause more diarrhea. So often there is a toss up between
benefit from antibiotics and the side effects of taking them. For that reason,
if symptoms are not that severe and there are no serious signs when looking at
the ear drum, doctors will not prescribe antibiotics initially. If the symptoms
last for 3 days, then they will usually prescribe antibiotics at that
point.Therefore if your child is only moderately unwell and you can control the
pain with pain relievers like Paracetamol, Acetaminophen or Ibuprofen, then you
could wait 2 or 3 days to see if things settle without antibiotics.
Giving
antibiotics to all children with an ear infection has some unwanted
consequences – for the child, they can get side effects from the antibiotics
like vomiting, diarrhea and skin rashes. From a public health point of view,
giving antibiotics to all children with an ear infection results in bacteria
developing resistance to commonly used antibiotics and this eventually leads to
multi-resistant organisms that we are unable to fight – not a good situation to
be in.
As many
ear infections will get better by 3 days, we generally do not give antibiotics
until symptoms have been present for at least 3 days. This limits antibiotic
use. When antibiotics are needed, we usually use Amoxicillin or Co-amoxiclav
(augmentin).
It is
important if your child is given antibiotics that he finishes the whole course.
If there is no sign of improvement after 48 hours of antibiotics, see your
doctor again - your child might need a different antibiotic.
To read
the Center for Disease Control (CDC) leaflet on why antibiotic use
should be limited,click hereBack to list
How
can I treat my child’s earache?
·Pain relievers, like Paracetamol (Acetaminophen in North America) and
Ibuprofen, have been shown to effectively reduce the pain of an ear infection.
So, a good first treatment choice would be Paracetamol or Acetominophen (eg.
Pamol or Tylenol), given in the first 24 hours, including before bedtime - read more. Remember
antibiotics do not relieve the pain of earache in the first 24 hours.
·A study has shown that putting lignocaine (lidocaine) drops (lignocaine
or lidocaine is an anesthetic agent) in the painful ear reduces pain, so you
could ask your doctor about prescribing some. 2% lignocaine (lidocaine)
solution is used and 3 drops are put in the painful ear, while your child lies
with the ear up for 5 minutes. Relief is almost immediate and sustained. Only
one dose of drops is needed per ear.
What
causes a burst ear drum?
If the
fluid behind the ear drum (in the middle ear) builds up to a high pressure, the
ear drum can perforate. The fluid that has been building up in the middle ear
is then released into the outer ear. The pain that occurs with fluid in the ear
is relieved when the pressure is reduced by the fluid leaking into the outer
ear, (so the burst drum means reduced pain). You may notice a discharge from
the ear when the drum perforates.Back to list
What
is the treatment of a burst ear drum?
There is
no treatment needed for most cases of perforated ear drum. The drum will heal
itself as long as it is kept clean and dry. Put a small piece of cotton wool in
the ear to keep it dry and clean.See your doctor if your child is unwell as he
may need antibiotics for the ear infection.Back to list
When
should I take my child to the doctor?
If
earache or other symptoms persist beyond 3 days, see your doctor as your child
may need antibiotics.
How can I prevent my child getting ear infections?
·A good start to preventing ear infections is by breast-feeding your baby
and ensuring your child avoids cigarette smoke.
·Children who are vaccinated against Pnuemococcus, one of the main
bacteria causing otitis media, have less ear infections.
·Xylitol chewing
gum and syrup (for those too young to chew gum) have also been shown to reduce
ear infections. Xylitol is a “good” sugar – found in raspberries and
strawberries – and does not cause tooth decay. It stops the growth of the
pneumococcus bacteria and also stops bacteria attaching to the cells in the
upper respiratory tract, (the ear, nose and throat region). For children old
enough to chew gum, the recommendation is 2 pieces of gum chewed for at least 5
minutes, 5 times a day after meals or snacks. It hasn’t been shown to be
effective in children who have needed ear tubes (or grommets), though. The
other good thing about xylitol is that it has been shown to prevent dental
caries.
Xylitol is the main ingredient in air-liftTM
chewing-gum which is available in pharmacies.The syrup isn’t available in NZ,
though. To read more or order online, including links to online shops, click here
·Teach your child to blow his nose correctly to keep the nose and air
passages clear of mucus. The right way to teach your child to blow his nose is
first to breathe in through the mouth, then blow through the nose into a tissue
(without pinching the nose)
·Tympanostomy tubes (ear tubes or grommets) have been shown to prevent
recurrent ear infections for the first six months after they are inserted, but
don’t have a significant effect for the following 18 months.
